A quand le Jeûne dans l’unité au Sénegalais

Composé de plus de 95% de musulmans, le Sénégal compte quatre grandes confréries: mouride, tidiane, layene et khadr. Cette multitude de confréries est considérée par certains sénégalais comme la principale source de divergence notamment dans le démarrage du ramadan et la célébration de certaines fêtes musulmanes.

Le Sénégal peine depuis une décennie à entamer le jeûne dans l’unité. Bien qu’une commission nationale de concertation sur le croissant lunaire soit mise en place pour résoudre le problème, le pays continue de se diviser sur la question du jeûne. En 2019 la commission dirigée par Oustaz Ahmed Iyan Thiam proclame le 7 Mai début du mois de Ramadan pendant ce temps la coordination des musulmans du Sénégal avait démarré dès le 6. Malgré les arguments avancés par les uns et les autres, une majorité de  talibés préfèrent attendre le mot d’ordre de leurs Khalifs respectifs.

Les Tarikha et leurs fidèles.

•Les fidèles mourides croient dur aux paroles des marabouts.  Cela se traduit par une obéissance stricte des recommandations du khalif ou du cheikh. Pour les mourides les ordres donnés par le guide sont divins. 

D’après Nd N. S, une tablité mouride: « le ramadan,la korité ou la Tabaski ne peut pas être fêté par un mouride sans ndiguel du Khalif.

• Les talibés Cheikh quant à eux suivent les guides religieux et les moukhadams mais pas aussi strictement. Selon ce talibé Cheikh du nom de O.N ce qui explique le fait que les tijanes commencent le Ramadan dans la divergence c’est qu’ils n’attendent pas forcément l’ordre du Cheikh pour prendre la décision de jeûner. 

• La Confrérie Layenne est composée essentiellement de lebou. Dans cette confrérie le dernier revient au Khalif, qu’il s’agisse du sphère religieux ou même jurisprudentiel nous confie ce talibé de Seydina Issa Thiaw Laye sous couvert de l’anonymat.

• Le khadriya est la plus ancienne, et la moins représentée dans le pays. Selon Vieux B fervent disciple de Cheikh Sadbou:  » dans toutes les confréries il existe des défiants qui ne respectent pas les orientations des chefs religieux mais par contre d’autres obéissent à la lettre les recommandations dictées par les khalifs généraux, poursuit-il ?  

Point commun des tarikhas Sénégalaises, elles partagent (tarikhas) l’unicité d’Allah (SWT), la prophétie de Mohamed (Psl) le Coran le point de convergence (la Kabba),mais se divisent dans le démarrage du ramadan avec chacune sa « lune ». 

En 1996 dans le but d’unifier et de solidifier les liens entre les foyers religieux du Sénégal ,Ahmed Iyane Thiam met sur pied une commission nationale de concertation du croissant lunaire regroupant Touba, Tivaouane, Yoff,Ndiassane, Kaolack…

Vingt-quatre ans après sa mise en place la commission n’a toujours pas réussi sa mission. Des divisions sont notées chaque année au sein des tarikhas et des groupements islamiques comme Alfala,la coordination des musulmans du Sénégal. La Commission Nationale est accusée d’être sous les ordres du gouvernement.

Cette année le ramadan est annoncé pour le 24 avril 2020. Le Senegal arrivera-t-il à jeûner dans l’unité, ou verra t-on une lune pour chaque confrerie.

N.S.N

Author: S. N. NIASS

705 thoughts on “A quand le Jeûne dans l’unité au Sénegalais

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