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Rapport Mondial Contre les Crises Alimentaires :  » 155 millions de personnes dans 55 pays font face à l’insécurité alimentaire aiguë, soit environ 20 millions de personnes de plus que l’année précédente »

   06/05/2021

Le nombre de personnes confrontées à l’insécurité alimentaire aiguë et connaissant le besoin urgent d’une aide pouvant préserver leur existence et moyens de subsistance a atteint, en 2020, son niveau le plus élevé en cinq ans dans les pays en proie à des crises alimentaires, a révélé un rapport du Réseau mondial contre les crises alimentaires (GNAFC).

Ce réseau est une alliance internationale rassemblant des institutions des Nations Unies, l’Union européenne et des organismes gouvernementaux et non gouvernementaux dans la lutte contre les crises alimentaires.

L’étude souligne qu’au moins 155 millions de personnes dans 55 pays ou territoires faisaient face à l’insécurité alimentaire aiguë à un niveau de crise ou pire en 2020, soit environ 20 millions de personnes de plus que l’année précédente.

Parmi les personnes touchées, 133 000 environ connaissaient en 2020 une situation correspondant à la phase d’insécurité alimentaire aiguë la plus au Burkina Faso, au Soudan du Sud et au Yémen, où une intervention d’urgence était nécessaire pour éviter de nombreux décès et un effondrement complet des moyens de subsistance, fait savoir le document rendu public mercredi.

Il relève également qu’au moins 28 millions de personnes étaient confrontées à un degré d’insécurité alimentaire aiguë correspondant à une situation d’urgence en 2020 (soit un état très proche de l’inanition) dans 38 pays et territoires, où une action urgente a permis de sauver des vies et des moyens de subsistance et d’éviter que la famine ne gagne du terrain.


Dans les 39 pays et territoires qui ont connu des crises alimentaires au cours des cinq années où le Réseau mondial a publié ses rapports annuels, le nombre de personnes confrontées à des niveaux élevés d’insécurité alimentaire aiguë est passé de 94 millions à 147 millions entre 2016 et 2020, ajoute le GNAFC.


Par ailleurs, rapporte la même source, dans les 55 pays et territoires frappés par une crise alimentaire dont traite le rapport, plus de 75 millions d’enfants de moins de 5 ans souffraient d’un retard de croissance (trop petite taille) et plus de 15 millions d’entre eux souffraient d’émaciation (maigreur excessive) en 2020.


Selon l’étude, les pays du continent africains restent frappés de manière disproportionnée par l’insécurité alimentaire aiguë. En 2020, près de 98 millions de personnes touchées se trouvaient en Afrique, soit deux personnes sur trois.

Pour le Réseau mondial contre les crises alimentaires, cette situation est en lien avec les conflits, les chocs économiques souvent causés par le Covid-19, lesquels ont pris la place des évènements météorologiques comme deuxième facteur d’insécurité alimentaire aiguë, de même que les évènements météorologiques extrêmes.

Author: Binta Cisse

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