Les tests PCR sont gratuits. La précision est de taille au moment où des cliniques et des pharmacies se sucrent, entre 12 500 et 25 000 F CFA, sur le dos des Sénégalais pris de peur par la vitesse de propagation du variant Delta.
Un des invités de Lr du temps, sur iRadio, ce dimanche, 25 juillet, Issa Wane, professeur de Santé publique à l’Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor est catastrophé par cette situation. « L’État doit prendre des mesures. Parce que ce n’est pas acceptable qu’en période d’épidémie, pendant que des gens meurent, qu’on fasse payer des tests gratuits. Dans mon entourage, une personne est revenue d’Allemagne et a ramené des tests distribués (gratuitement) dans son école. »
20 000 tests à Dakar et 18 000 dans les régions
« Depuis la semaine dernière, 20 000 tests de diagnostic rapide ont été mis à la disposition de toutes les régions médicales du pays et des districts sanitaires, à Dakar, et 18 000 au niveau des régions. Ces tests sont gratuits. Il faudrait que les patients puissent effectuer le circuit, aller dans les centres de santé, pour pouvoir bénéficier de ces tests-là », a tenu à préciser son vis-à-vis, Babacar Gueye, le directeur de la lutte contre les maladies au ministère de la Santé et de l’Action sociale.
Pr Wane le reprend aussitôt pour souligner « des difficultés d’accès aux tests » même dans les centres de santé. « C’est très difficile. C’est la queue et quand c’est le test rapide, il arrive qu’on vous dise de revenir, ce qui n’est pas normal parce que le test rapide, c’est 15 minutes. Quand c’est le test de confirmation, c’est encore plus difficile, et le rendu des résultats ne se passe pas bien », a-t-il relevé pour s’en désoler. Dans la mesure où, le constat est fait que des patients restent jusqu’à deux semaines sans recevoir leurs résultats.
En tant que président de l’association des professionnels de santé publique, Pr Wane a également souligné que « dans le pays, tous les médecins-réanimateurs sont réquisitionnés. A Dakar, vous ne pouvez plus trouver de médecins-réanimateurs que vous pouvez redéployer ici ou ailleurs. Donc, cela pose, certes, un problème conjoncturel mais des problèmes structurels, de formation et d’organisation des soins. » D’où la nécessité, a-t-il prescrit, de s’y « pencher dès qu’il y aura une petite accalmie. »
Sur mille cas, 100 ont besoin d’oxygène et 10 en réanimation
En l’état, il urge de stopper la propagation de la 3e vague qui s’est amorcée depuis mai dernier et dont la tendance se décline ainsi, d’après les statistiques fournies par Dr Babacar Gueye : « lors des vagues précédentes, on avait, en moyenne, 100 cas par jour. Parmi ces 100 cas, il est démontré que les 10% constituent des cas sévères. Cela veut dire aujourd’hui que si on a 100 cas, les 10 cas auront besoin d’oxygène et un cas aura besoin d’être hospitalisé en réanimation. Aujourd’hui, nous sommes dans le cadre d’une période où la transmission est importante. On est passé à une moyenne de mille cas, par jour. Cela veut dire que là où on s’attendait à avoir dix cas sévères qui ont besoin d’oxygène, on s’attend à avoir 100 cas et 10 cas en réanimation. Si l’évolution continue comme ça, il n’est pas possible de tenir. »
Du coup, a-t-il ajouté : « au niveau des CTE, les capacités par rapport à l’oxygène, c’est 100% d’occupation. Cela veut dire que nous sommes à un niveau où les lits sont saturés. Maintenant, ce qui a été mis en place pour pouvoir pallier à ça, c’est la mise en place de zones tampons. C’est-à-dire impliquer les centres de santé qui est le niveau le plus opérationnel. »
78 zones tampons
D’après toujours ses estimations, « au Sénégal, aujourd’hui, 78 zones tampons ont été identifiées. Et, l’ensemble de ces zones tampons disposent de 266 lits avec oxygène. Parmi, ces 266 lits, les 79 à peu près, sont dans la région de Dakar. Ces lits au niveau des centres de santé peuvent prendre en charge ces patients-là qui ont besoin d’oxygène. Cela facilite le désengorgement. » Les hôpitaux militaires seront également mobilisés. « Lors de la réunion précédente du Comité national de gestion des épidémies (CNGE), nous en avons discuté. Il y a aussi le hangar (des pèlerins) qui est là, avec un hôpital mobile qui a été mis
en place avec l’appui du gouvernement américain. Autre élément, aujourd’hui, nous sommes à (plus de) 10 000 cas actifs, le défi, c’est la réduction des cas graves et des décès, en faisant la promotion de la détection précoce (avec) la prise en charge à domicile pour les cas simples. »
C’est là que le problème lié à l’accès aux tests rapides se pose avec acuité.
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